Prevalence and distribution of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genotypes among ixodid ticks in three regions of Ukraine
Keywords:
ixodid ticks; Borrelia burgdorferi; polymerase chain reaction; Sanger sequencing; prevalence
Abstract
To improve our understanding and to develop strategies to control Lyme borreliosis, this study focused on assessing the prevalence of clinically relevant Borrelia genotypes in ixodid ticks collected from different regions of Ukraine. Ixodid ticks were collected from vegetation and animal hosts in Kyiv, Cherkasy, and Mykolaiv regions of Ukraine (2021). The ticks were then tested by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of the B. burgdorferi sensu lato complex and genotyped using primers for B. burgdorferi sensu stricto, B. afzelii, and B. garinii. In total, 1132 ixodid ticks were examined. In Kyiv region, Ixodes ricinus was the most common species (79.7%), in Cherkasy region, Dermacentor reticulatus was most common (72.7%), and in Mykolaiv region, Hyalomma marginatum was the most common species (76.4%). PCR analysis showed that I. ricinus and D. reticulatus are the main vectors of the B. burgdorferi sensu lato complex, especially in Kyiv and Cherkasy regions, where I. ricinus had a significantly higher total Borrelia infection rate (29.2%) than D. reticulatus (15.9%). In Mykolaiv region, Borrelia was not detected. Genotypic analysis revealed a significantly higher prevalence of the B. afzelii (15.6%) over the B. burgdorferi sensu stricto genotype at 9.3%. The B. garinii genotype was not detected in this study.This study analyzes the prevalence of ixodid ticks and genotypes of the Lyme borreliosis pathogen in Northern, Central and Southern Ukraine. In general, the results of the study indicate a widespread presence of borrelia in the northern and central regions, while no Borrelia were detected in the southern region. In addition, the B. afzelii genotype prevailed in Kyiv and Cherkasy regions.References
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Boulanger, N., Boyer, P., Talagrand-Reboul, E., & Hansmann, Y. (2019). Ticks and tick-borne diseases. Medecine et Maladies Infectieuses, 49(2), 87–97.
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Mysterud, A., Stigum, V. M., Jaarsma, R. I., & Sprong, H. (2019). Genospecies of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato detected in 16 mammal species and questing ticks from Northern Europe. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 5088.
Panteleienko, O. V., Makovska, I. F., & Tsarenko, T. M. (2022). Influence of ecological and climatic conditions on the spread of Borrelia burgdorferi in domestic dogs in Ukraine. Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems, 13(4), 431–442.
Rogovskyy, A. S., Biatov, A. P., Davis, M. A., Liu, S., & Nebogatkin, I. V. (2020). Upsurge of Lyme borreliosis in Ukraine: A 20-year survey. Journal of Travel Medicine, 27(6), taaa100.
Rogovskyy, A. S., Nebogatkin, I. V., & Scoles, G. A. (2017). Ixodid ticks in the megapolis of Kyiv, Ukraine. Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases, 8(1), 99–102.
Rogovskyy, A., Batool, M., Gillis, D. C., Holman, P. J., Nebogatkin, I. V., Rogovska, Y. V., & Rogovskyy, M. S. (2018). Diversity of Borrelia spirochetes and other zoonotic agents in ticks from Kyiv, Ukraine. Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases, 9(2), 404–409.
Rubel, F., Brugger, K., Pfeffer, M., Chitimia-Dobler, L., Didyk, Y. M., Leverenz, S., Dautel, H., & Kahl, O. (2016). Geographical distribution of Dermacentor marginatus and Dermacentor reticulatus in Europe. Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases, 7(1), 224–233.
Akimov, I., & Nebogatkin, I. (2011b). Distribution of ticks from of the genus Dermacentor (Acari, Ixodidae) in Ukraine. Zoodiversity, 45(1), 1–6.
Akimov, I., & Nebogatkin, I. (2022). Distribution of Ixodes ricinus (Arachnida, Ixodidae) in Ukraine in the context of tick hazard, and factors favoring its persistence in conditions of fast-going environmental change. Zoodiversity, 56(5), 429–434.
Barbour, A. G., & Qiu, W. (Eds). (2019). Borreliella. In: Bergey’s manual of systematics of Archaea and Bacteria. John Wiley & Sons.
Beichel, E., Petney, T. N., Hassler, D., Brückner, M., & Maiwald, M. (1996). Tick infestation patterns and prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi in ticks collected at a veterinary clinic in Germany. Veterinary Parasitology, 65(1-2), 147–155.
Ben, I., & Lozynskyi, I. (2019). Prevalence of Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Ixodes ricinus and Dermacentor reticulatus and coinfection with Borrelia burgdorferi and Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus in Western Ukraine. Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 19(11), 793–801.
Boulanger, N., Boyer, P., Talagrand-Reboul, E., & Hansmann, Y. (2019). Ticks and tick-borne diseases. Medecine et Maladies Infectieuses, 49(2), 87–97.
Cutler, S. J., Ruzic-Sabljic, E., & Potkonjak, A. (2017). Emerging borreliae – expanding beyond Lyme borreliosis. Molecular and Cellular Probes, 31, 22–27.
Didyk, Y. M., Blaňárová, L., Pogrebnyak, S., Acimov, I., Petko, B., & Vichova, B. (2017). Emergence of tick-borne pathogens (Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Ricketsia raoultii and Babesia microti) in the Kyiv urban parks, Ukraine. Ticks and Tick-borne Diseases, 8(2), 219–225.
Estrada-Pena, A., Bouattour, A., Camicas, J. L., & Walker, A. R. (2004). Ticks of veterinary and medical importance: The mediterranean basin. A guide of identification of species. University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza.
Estrada-Peña, A., Cutler, S., Potkonjak, A., Vassier-Tussaut, M., Van Bortel, W., Zeller, H., Fernández-Ruiz, N., & Mihalca, A. D. (2018). An updated meta-analysis of the distribution and prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi s. l. in ticks in Europe. International Journal of Health Geographics, 17(1), 41.
Fedoniuk, L. Y., Podobivskiy, S. S., Pryvrotska, I. B., Miklashevska, O. A., & Marchuk, O. M. (2021). The results of the study of the epidemiological status and spread of Dermacentor reticulatus ticks in Ukraine over the last 10 years. Wiadomości Lekarskie, 74(8), 1952–1959.
Goren, A., Mysterud, A., Jore, S., Viljugrein, H., Bakka, H., & Vindenes, Y. (2023). Demographic patterns in Lyme borreliosis seasonality over 25 years. Zoonoses and Public Health, 70(7), 647–655.
Kovryha, N., Tsyhankova, A., Zelenuchina, O., Mashchak, O., Terekhov, R., & Rogovskyy, A. S. (2021). Prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in ixodid ticks from Southeastern Ukraine. Vector Borne and Zoonotic Diseases, 21(4), 242–246.
Levytska, V. A., Mushinsky, A. B., Zubrikova, D., Blanarova, L., Długosz, E., Vichova, B., Slivinska, K. A., Gajewski, Z., Gizinski, S., Liu, S., Zhou, L., & Rogovskyy, A. S. (2021). Detection of pathogens in ixodid ticks collected from animals and vegetation in five regions of Ukraine. Ticks and tick-borne diseases, 12(1), 101586.
Lindgren, E., & Jaenson, T. G. T. (2006). Lyme borreliosis in Europe: Influences of climate and climate change, epidemiology, ecology and adaptation measures. World Health Organization. Pp. 5–25.
Marconi, R. T., & Garon, C. F. (1992). Development of polymerase chain reaction primer sets for diagnosis of Lyme disease and for species-specific identification of Lyme disease isolates by 16S rRNA signature nucleotide analysis. Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 30(11), 2830–2834.
Masuzawa, T. (2004). Terrestrial distribution of the Lyme borreliosis agent Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in East Asia. Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases, 57(6), 229–235.
Medlock, J. M., Hansford, K. M., Bormane, A., Derdakova, M., Estrada-Peña, A., George, J., Golovljova, I., Jaenson, T. G. T., Jensen, J.-K., Jensen, P. M., Kazimirova, M., Oteo, J. A., Papa, A., Pfister, K., Plantard, O., Randolph, S. E., Rizzoli, A., Santos-Silva, M. M., Sprong, H., Hendrickx, G., Zeller, H., & Van Bortel, W. (2013). Driving forces for changes in geographical distribution of Ixodes ricinus ticks in Europe. Parasites and Vectors, 6(1), 1.
Michalski, M. M., Kubiak, K., Szczotko, M., Chajęcka, M., & Dmitryjuk, M. (2020). Molecular detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in ticks collected from dogs in urban areas of North-Eastern Poland. Pathogens, 9(6), 455.
Mysterud, A., Stigum, V. M., Jaarsma, R. I., & Sprong, H. (2019). Genospecies of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato detected in 16 mammal species and questing ticks from Northern Europe. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 5088.
Panteleienko, O. V., Makovska, I. F., & Tsarenko, T. M. (2022). Influence of ecological and climatic conditions on the spread of Borrelia burgdorferi in domestic dogs in Ukraine. Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems, 13(4), 431–442.
Rogovskyy, A. S., Biatov, A. P., Davis, M. A., Liu, S., & Nebogatkin, I. V. (2020). Upsurge of Lyme borreliosis in Ukraine: A 20-year survey. Journal of Travel Medicine, 27(6), taaa100.
Rogovskyy, A. S., Nebogatkin, I. V., & Scoles, G. A. (2017). Ixodid ticks in the megapolis of Kyiv, Ukraine. Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases, 8(1), 99–102.
Rogovskyy, A., Batool, M., Gillis, D. C., Holman, P. J., Nebogatkin, I. V., Rogovska, Y. V., & Rogovskyy, M. S. (2018). Diversity of Borrelia spirochetes and other zoonotic agents in ticks from Kyiv, Ukraine. Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases, 9(2), 404–409.
Rubel, F., Brugger, K., Pfeffer, M., Chitimia-Dobler, L., Didyk, Y. M., Leverenz, S., Dautel, H., & Kahl, O. (2016). Geographical distribution of Dermacentor marginatus and Dermacentor reticulatus in Europe. Ticks and Tick-Borne Diseases, 7(1), 224–233.
Published
2023-07-03
How to Cite
Panteleienko, O. V., Garcia, D., Bilyk, S. A., Dovhal, O. V., & Tsarenko, T. M. (2023). Prevalence and distribution of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato genotypes among ixodid ticks in three regions of Ukraine . Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems, 14(3), 511-515. https://doi.org/10.15421/10.15421/022373
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