Nanoparticles C60 fullerene prevent reactive gliosis in retina of aged rats under hyperglycemia
Abstract
Reactivation of glial cells, induced by metabolic disorders of glucose utilization and development of oxidative stress in retina under diabetes mellitus, is the key pathogenetic factor of diabetic retinopathy. Nanoparticles of C60 fullerene and some of their water-soluble derivates are known as one of the strongest antioxidants having neuroprotective effect in a number of pathologies and harmful influences. In the present study, for the first time, the effects of nanostructures of hydrated C60 fullerene (C60HyFn) on the expression and polypeptide composition of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in retina of rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes have been evaluated. Using immunoblotting, 1.93-fold up-regulation of GFAP in diabetic rat retina as compared with control was shown, as a result of retinal glial cells reactivation induced by hyperglycemia. Increase in GFAP-immunolabeling associated with the reactive gliosis development in retina of diabetic rats was also confirmed by immuno-histochemical method. Consumption of C60HyFn solution (90 nM) as drinking water by diabetic rats for 12 weeks caused 1.51-fold decrease of GFAP level compared to untreated diabetic animals. In addition, C60HyFn caused statistically significant lowering of glycosylated hemoglobin concentration in blood serum of STZ-diabetic rats 1.58-fold. However, nanoparticles C60 did not affect neither insulin nor glucose levels in blood of diabetic rats. In conclusion, results obtained indicate that protective action of hydrated fullerene in the initial period of diabetic retinopathy of aged animals is realized through suppression of excessive activation of GFAP-positive retinal cells.References
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