Morphological evaluation of the effectiveness of the “Icon” resin infiltration method in acute and chronic superficial dental caries
Keywords:
teeth; enamel; focal demineralization; caries; microinvasive treatment; infiltration with resin; electron microscopy.
Abstract
The article presents the results of electron microscopy of 52 teeth with acute and chronic initial caries infiltrated with “Icon” material (DMG, Germany). According to the results of the study, in acute initial dental caries (white spot stage), the infiltrate filled almost the entire volume of the pathological focus (81.8 ± 6.7% of cases). The technique of infiltration by replacing the lost mineral with a low-viscosity light-curing resin creates a barrier inside the carious lesion. Minimally invasive approaches, including the enamel infiltration technique, can be used for caries in the white spot stage for therapeutic-prophylactic purposes. However, in the case of chronic initial caries (pigmented spot stage), the infiltrate does not infiltrate the entire depth of the lesion. In 79.0 ± 9.4% of the teeth of this group, non-infiltrated areas of carious lesions were localized within the surface layers of dentin. Extrapolating the results obtained to the clinic, we can assume that the infiltration of initial caries at the stage of a pigmented spot does not ensure the stabilization of the carious process. Clinical recommendation of the low-viscosity resin infiltration technique requires evidence that requires long-term clinical observations.References
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Allen, D. N., Fine, C. M., Newton, M. N., Kabani, F., Muzzin, K. B., & Reed, K. M. (2021). Resin infiltration therapy: A micro-invasive treatment approach for white spot lesions. Journal of Dental Hygiene, 95(6), 31–35.
Alsafi, A. M., & Taher, N. M. (2023). Microhardness and surface roughness of resin infiltrated bleached enamel surface using atomic force microscopy: An in vitro study. Saudi Dental Journal, 35(6), 692–698.
Altarabulsi, M. B., Alkilzy, M., Petrou, M. A., & Splieth, C. (2014). Clinical safety, quality and effect of resin infiltration for proximal caries. European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 15(1), 39–44.
Amaechi, B. T., & van Loveren, C. (2013). Fluorides and non-fluoride remineralization systems. Monographs in Oral Science, 23, 15–26.
Bin-Jardan, L. I., Almadani, D. I., Almutairi, L. S., Almoabid, H. A., Alessa, M. A., Almulhim, K. S., AlSheikh, R. N., Al-Dulaijan, Y. A., Ibrahim, M. S., Al-Zain, A. O., & Balhaddad, A. A. (2023). Inorganic compounds as remineralizing fil-lers in dental restorative materials: Narrative review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(9), 8295.
Calache, H., Hopcraft, M. S., & Martin, J. M. (2013). Minimum intervention denti-stry – a new horizon in public oral health care. Australian Dental Journal, 58(1), 17–25.
Cebula, M., Göstemeyer, G., Krois, J., Pitchika, V., Paris, S., Schwendicke, F., & Effenberger, S. (2023). Resin infiltration of non-cavitated proximal caries le-sions in primary and permanent teeth: A systematic review and scenario analy-sis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(2), 727.
Dziaruddin, N., & Zakaria, A. S. I. (2022). Resin infiltration of non-cavitated enamel lesions in paediatric dentistry: A narrative review. Children, 9(12), 1893.
Featherstone, J. D. (2004). The caries balance: the basis for caries management by risk assessment. Oral Health and Preventive Dentistry, 2(1), 259–264.
Flemming, J., Hannig, C., & Hannig, M. (2022). Caries management – the role of surface interactions in de- and remineralization-processes. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(23), 7044.
González-Cabezas, C. (2010). The chemistry of caries: remineralization and demineralization events with direct clinical relevance. Dental Clinics of North America, 54(3), 469–478.
Gray, G. B., & Shellis, P. (2002). Infiltration of resin into white spot caries-like lesions of enamel: An in vitro study. European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry, 10(1), 27–32.
Gussy, M., Ashbolt, R., Carpenter, L., Virgo-Milton, M., Calache, H., Dashper, S, Leong, P., de Silva, A., de Livera, A., Simpson, J., & Waters, E. (2015). Natural history of dental caries in very young Australian children. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 26(3), 173–183.
Ibrahim, D. F. A., Venkiteswaran, A., & Hasmun, N. N. (2023). Esthetic effects and color stability of resin infiltration on demineralized enamel lesions: A systematic review. Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry, 13(4), 273–286.
Innes, N. P., & Manton, D. J. (2017). Minimum intervention children’s dentistry – the starting point for a lifetime of oral health. British Dental Journal, 223(3), 205–213.
Kagihara, L. E., Niederhauser, V. P., & Stark, M. (2009). Assessment, management, and prevention of early childhood caries. Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 21(1), 1–10.
Kidd, E. A., & Fejerskov, O. (2004). What constitutes dental caries? Histopathology of carious enamel and dentin related to the action of cariogenic biofilms. Journal of Dental Research, 83(C), 35–38.
Kudiyirickal, M. G., & Ivancaková, R. (2008). Early enamel lesion part II. Histo-morphology and prevention. Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove), 51(3), 151–156.
Kugel, G., Arsenault, P., & Papas, A. (2009). Treatment modalities for caries man-agement, including a new resin infiltration system. Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry, 30(3), quiz11-2.
Lo, E. C., Zhi, Q. H., & Itthagarun, A. (2010). Comparing two quantitative methods for studying remineralization of artificial caries. Journal of Dentistry, 38(4), 352–359.
Lubojanski, A., Piesiak-Panczyszyn, D., Zakrzewski, W., Dobrzynski, W., Szymo-nowicz, M., Rybak, Z., Mielan, B., Wiglusz, R. J., Watras, A., & Dobrzynski, M. (2023). The safety of fluoride compounds and their effect on the human body – A narrative review. Materials, 16(3), 1242.
Lussi, A., Hellwig, E., & Klimek, J. (2012). Fluorides – mode of action and recom-mendations for use. Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed, 122(11), 1030–1042.
Martens, L. C., & Verbeeck, R. M. (1998). Les mécanismes d’action des fluorures en application locale/topique [Mechanism of action of fluorides in local/topical application]. Revue Belge de Médecine Dentaire, 53(1), 295–308 (in French).
Mazzitelli, C., Josic, U., Maravic, T., Mancuso, E., Goracci, C., Cadenaro, M., Maz-zoni, A., & Breschi, L. (2022). An insight into enamel resin infiltrants with ex-perimental compositions. Polymers, 14(24), 5553.
Meyer-Lueckel, H., Bitter, K., & Paris, S. (2012). Randomized controlled clinical trial on proximal caries infiltration: Three-year follow-up. Caries Research, 46(6), 544–548.
Pascareli-Carlos, A. M., Martins, L. F., Silva Gonçalves, M. D., Pettorossi Imparato, J. C., & Tedesco, T. K. (2021). Pain perception of children after restorative treatments: Atraumatic restorative treatment versus chemomechanical removal – A noninferiority randomized clinical trial. Journal of Indian Society of Pedo-dontics and Preventive Dentistry, 39(2), 202–207.
Perdigão, J. (2020). Resin infiltration of enamel white spot lesions: An ultramorpho-logical analysis. Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry, 32(3), 317–324.
Phark, J. H., Duarte, S. J., Meyer-Lueckel, H., & Paris, S. (2009). Caries infiltration with resins: A novel treatment option for interproximal caries. Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry, 30(S3), 13–17.
Philip, N., & Suneja, B. (2023). The revolutionary evolution in carious lesion man-agement. Journal of Conservative Dentistry, 26(3), 249–257.
Pugach, M. K., Strother, J., Darling, C. L., Fried, D., Gansky, S. A., Marshall, S. J., & Marshall, G. W. (2009). Dentin caries zones: Mineral, structure, and properties. Journal of Dental Research, 88(1), 71–76.
Saghiri, M. A., Vakhnovetsky, J., Abdolmaleki, A., Samadi, E., Samadi, F., Napoli, S., Conte, M., & Morgano, S. M. (2023). Mechanical properties of simulated dentin caries treated with metal cations and L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate. Odontology, 2023, 17.
Tang, H., & Huang, Q. (2019). [Comparative study of minimally invasive technique and traditional decaying method for dental caries and the impact of dental treatment on pain and anxiety during pregnancy]. Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue, 28(3), 297–300 (in Chinese).
Tassery, H., Levallois, B., Terrer, E., Manton, D. J., Otsuki, M., Koubi, S., Gugnani, N., Panayotov, I., Jacquot, B., Cuisinier, F., & Rechmann, P. (2013). Use of new minimum intervention dentistry technologies in caries management. Aus-tralian Dental Journal, 58(1), 40–59.
Welch, R., Sivagurunathan, K., Tavakolian, P., Ngai, K., Huang, B., Abrams, S., Finer, Y., & Mandelis, A. (2023). Detection of bacteria-induced early-stage dental caries using three-dimensional mid-infrared thermophotonic imaging. Bioengineering, 10(1), 112.
Wenzel, A. (2021). Radiographic modalities for diagnosis of caries in a historical perspective: From film to machine-intelligence supported systems. Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, 50(5), 20210010.
Xie, Z., Yu, L., Li, S., Li, J., & Liu, Y. (2023). Comparison of therapies of white spot lesions: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health, 23(1), 346.
Zero, D. T. (1999). Dental caries process. Dental Clinics of North America, 43(4), 635–664.
Zhou, X. D., Cheng, L., & Zheng, L. W. (2018). [Strategies of caries management in whole life cycle]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi, 53(6), 367–373 (in Chinese).
Allen, D. N., Fine, C. M., Newton, M. N., Kabani, F., Muzzin, K. B., & Reed, K. M. (2021). Resin infiltration therapy: A micro-invasive treatment approach for white spot lesions. Journal of Dental Hygiene, 95(6), 31–35.
Alsafi, A. M., & Taher, N. M. (2023). Microhardness and surface roughness of resin infiltrated bleached enamel surface using atomic force microscopy: An in vitro study. Saudi Dental Journal, 35(6), 692–698.
Altarabulsi, M. B., Alkilzy, M., Petrou, M. A., & Splieth, C. (2014). Clinical safety, quality and effect of resin infiltration for proximal caries. European Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 15(1), 39–44.
Amaechi, B. T., & van Loveren, C. (2013). Fluorides and non-fluoride remineralization systems. Monographs in Oral Science, 23, 15–26.
Bin-Jardan, L. I., Almadani, D. I., Almutairi, L. S., Almoabid, H. A., Alessa, M. A., Almulhim, K. S., AlSheikh, R. N., Al-Dulaijan, Y. A., Ibrahim, M. S., Al-Zain, A. O., & Balhaddad, A. A. (2023). Inorganic compounds as remineralizing fil-lers in dental restorative materials: Narrative review. International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 24(9), 8295.
Calache, H., Hopcraft, M. S., & Martin, J. M. (2013). Minimum intervention denti-stry – a new horizon in public oral health care. Australian Dental Journal, 58(1), 17–25.
Cebula, M., Göstemeyer, G., Krois, J., Pitchika, V., Paris, S., Schwendicke, F., & Effenberger, S. (2023). Resin infiltration of non-cavitated proximal caries le-sions in primary and permanent teeth: A systematic review and scenario analy-sis of randomized controlled trials. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 12(2), 727.
Dziaruddin, N., & Zakaria, A. S. I. (2022). Resin infiltration of non-cavitated enamel lesions in paediatric dentistry: A narrative review. Children, 9(12), 1893.
Featherstone, J. D. (2004). The caries balance: the basis for caries management by risk assessment. Oral Health and Preventive Dentistry, 2(1), 259–264.
Flemming, J., Hannig, C., & Hannig, M. (2022). Caries management – the role of surface interactions in de- and remineralization-processes. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 11(23), 7044.
González-Cabezas, C. (2010). The chemistry of caries: remineralization and demineralization events with direct clinical relevance. Dental Clinics of North America, 54(3), 469–478.
Gray, G. B., & Shellis, P. (2002). Infiltration of resin into white spot caries-like lesions of enamel: An in vitro study. European Journal of Prosthodontics and Restorative Dentistry, 10(1), 27–32.
Gussy, M., Ashbolt, R., Carpenter, L., Virgo-Milton, M., Calache, H., Dashper, S, Leong, P., de Silva, A., de Livera, A., Simpson, J., & Waters, E. (2015). Natural history of dental caries in very young Australian children. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry, 26(3), 173–183.
Ibrahim, D. F. A., Venkiteswaran, A., & Hasmun, N. N. (2023). Esthetic effects and color stability of resin infiltration on demineralized enamel lesions: A systematic review. Journal of International Society of Preventive and Community Dentistry, 13(4), 273–286.
Innes, N. P., & Manton, D. J. (2017). Minimum intervention children’s dentistry – the starting point for a lifetime of oral health. British Dental Journal, 223(3), 205–213.
Kagihara, L. E., Niederhauser, V. P., & Stark, M. (2009). Assessment, management, and prevention of early childhood caries. Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners, 21(1), 1–10.
Kidd, E. A., & Fejerskov, O. (2004). What constitutes dental caries? Histopathology of carious enamel and dentin related to the action of cariogenic biofilms. Journal of Dental Research, 83(C), 35–38.
Kudiyirickal, M. G., & Ivancaková, R. (2008). Early enamel lesion part II. Histo-morphology and prevention. Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove), 51(3), 151–156.
Kugel, G., Arsenault, P., & Papas, A. (2009). Treatment modalities for caries man-agement, including a new resin infiltration system. Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry, 30(3), quiz11-2.
Lo, E. C., Zhi, Q. H., & Itthagarun, A. (2010). Comparing two quantitative methods for studying remineralization of artificial caries. Journal of Dentistry, 38(4), 352–359.
Lubojanski, A., Piesiak-Panczyszyn, D., Zakrzewski, W., Dobrzynski, W., Szymo-nowicz, M., Rybak, Z., Mielan, B., Wiglusz, R. J., Watras, A., & Dobrzynski, M. (2023). The safety of fluoride compounds and their effect on the human body – A narrative review. Materials, 16(3), 1242.
Lussi, A., Hellwig, E., & Klimek, J. (2012). Fluorides – mode of action and recom-mendations for use. Schweiz Monatsschr Zahnmed, 122(11), 1030–1042.
Martens, L. C., & Verbeeck, R. M. (1998). Les mécanismes d’action des fluorures en application locale/topique [Mechanism of action of fluorides in local/topical application]. Revue Belge de Médecine Dentaire, 53(1), 295–308 (in French).
Mazzitelli, C., Josic, U., Maravic, T., Mancuso, E., Goracci, C., Cadenaro, M., Maz-zoni, A., & Breschi, L. (2022). An insight into enamel resin infiltrants with ex-perimental compositions. Polymers, 14(24), 5553.
Meyer-Lueckel, H., Bitter, K., & Paris, S. (2012). Randomized controlled clinical trial on proximal caries infiltration: Three-year follow-up. Caries Research, 46(6), 544–548.
Pascareli-Carlos, A. M., Martins, L. F., Silva Gonçalves, M. D., Pettorossi Imparato, J. C., & Tedesco, T. K. (2021). Pain perception of children after restorative treatments: Atraumatic restorative treatment versus chemomechanical removal – A noninferiority randomized clinical trial. Journal of Indian Society of Pedo-dontics and Preventive Dentistry, 39(2), 202–207.
Perdigão, J. (2020). Resin infiltration of enamel white spot lesions: An ultramorpho-logical analysis. Journal of Esthetic and Restorative Dentistry, 32(3), 317–324.
Phark, J. H., Duarte, S. J., Meyer-Lueckel, H., & Paris, S. (2009). Caries infiltration with resins: A novel treatment option for interproximal caries. Compendium of Continuing Education in Dentistry, 30(S3), 13–17.
Philip, N., & Suneja, B. (2023). The revolutionary evolution in carious lesion man-agement. Journal of Conservative Dentistry, 26(3), 249–257.
Pugach, M. K., Strother, J., Darling, C. L., Fried, D., Gansky, S. A., Marshall, S. J., & Marshall, G. W. (2009). Dentin caries zones: Mineral, structure, and properties. Journal of Dental Research, 88(1), 71–76.
Saghiri, M. A., Vakhnovetsky, J., Abdolmaleki, A., Samadi, E., Samadi, F., Napoli, S., Conte, M., & Morgano, S. M. (2023). Mechanical properties of simulated dentin caries treated with metal cations and L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate. Odontology, 2023, 17.
Tang, H., & Huang, Q. (2019). [Comparative study of minimally invasive technique and traditional decaying method for dental caries and the impact of dental treatment on pain and anxiety during pregnancy]. Shanghai Kou Qiang Yi Xue, 28(3), 297–300 (in Chinese).
Tassery, H., Levallois, B., Terrer, E., Manton, D. J., Otsuki, M., Koubi, S., Gugnani, N., Panayotov, I., Jacquot, B., Cuisinier, F., & Rechmann, P. (2013). Use of new minimum intervention dentistry technologies in caries management. Aus-tralian Dental Journal, 58(1), 40–59.
Welch, R., Sivagurunathan, K., Tavakolian, P., Ngai, K., Huang, B., Abrams, S., Finer, Y., & Mandelis, A. (2023). Detection of bacteria-induced early-stage dental caries using three-dimensional mid-infrared thermophotonic imaging. Bioengineering, 10(1), 112.
Wenzel, A. (2021). Radiographic modalities for diagnosis of caries in a historical perspective: From film to machine-intelligence supported systems. Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, 50(5), 20210010.
Xie, Z., Yu, L., Li, S., Li, J., & Liu, Y. (2023). Comparison of therapies of white spot lesions: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. BMC Oral Health, 23(1), 346.
Zero, D. T. (1999). Dental caries process. Dental Clinics of North America, 43(4), 635–664.
Zhou, X. D., Cheng, L., & Zheng, L. W. (2018). [Strategies of caries management in whole life cycle]. Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi, 53(6), 367–373 (in Chinese).
Published
2024-02-27
How to Cite
Gevkaliuk, N. O., Bandrivsky, Y. L., Pynda, M. Y., Pudiak, V. Y., Krupei, V. Y., & Karnkivskyi, A. Y. (2024). Morphological evaluation of the effectiveness of the “Icon” resin infiltration method in acute and chronic superficial dental caries . Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems, 15(1), 142-147. https://doi.org/10.15421/022421
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