Influence of immunomodulators of natural origin on cellular immunity indices in blood of broiler chicken under stress

  • S. Grabovskyi S.Z. Gzhytskyj National University of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology
  • O. Grabovska Institute of Animal Biology of NAAS
Keywords: pre-slaughter stress, spleen extracts, T- and B-lymphocytes, polyamines, putrescin, spermine, spermidine

Abstract

The paper deals with researching of T- and B-lymphocytes relative quantity and functional activity in broiler chicken blood after using of animal origin immunomodulators in conditions of pre-slaughter stress. The authors determined the relative amount of T- and B-lymphocytes and their individual populations in the reaction of spontaneous rоsetting with the sheep erythrocytes in blood. Besides, the differentiated count of rоsetting lymphocytes with the various degree of functional activity was conducted. The spleen extract (70% alcohol solution in volume of 1.4 ml per chicken) was added to the diet of broiler chicken of experimental groups by aerosol method. This extract was obtained with/ without ultrasound application. 70% alcohol solution in the same volume and using the same method was added to the diet of broiler chicken of the control group five days before slaughter. The authors have not established probable increase of T-lymphocytes general quantity in broiler chicken blood in both experimental groups. It is shown that pre-slaughter stress in broiler chicken caused by weaning has immuno-suppressive effect on T- and B-lymphocytes in blood, which is accompanied by their quantity and functional activity decrease. T- and B-lymphocytes amount and functional activity of T- and B-cell immunity was stimulated after adding immunomodulators of natural origin to broiler chicken diet. Spleen extract polyamines as immunomodulators and antistressors most effectively influenced on some of cell immunity indices before slaughter – it is necessary to note the increase in T-helper lymphocytes in the broiler chickens blood caused by lymphocytes with medium (6–10) – by 18% (Р < 0.05) and high density receptors (М) – by 35% (Р < 0.05) compared to the control. It is shown that decrease of T-lymphocytes quantity in broiler chicken blood is caused by lymphocytes with law (3–5) – by 22% (Р < 0.01) and high (M) – by 11% (Р < 0.05) density receptors with increase of medium density receptors (6–10) – by 15% (Р < 0.05) compared to the control. The results obtained in the experiment can be used in the investigations of cell immunity indices of farm animals in order to increase the organism resistance and to correct their pre-slaughter stress. 

References

Abbas, A.O., El-Dein, A.A., Desoky, A.A., Galal, M.A., 2008. The effects of photoperiod programs on broiler chicken performance and immune response. Int. J. Poultry Sci. 7(7), 665–671. >> doi: 10.3923/ijps.2008.665.671

Bristow, D.J., Holmes, D.S., 2007. Cortisol levels and anxietyrelated behaviors in cattle. Physiol. Behav. 90, 626–628. >> doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2006.11.015

Ganguly, S., Paul, I., Mukhopadhayay, S.K., 2009. Immunostimulants-their significance in finfish culture. Fishing Chimes 29(7), 49–50.

Ganguly, S., Paul, I., Mukhopadhayay, S.K., 2010. Immunostimulant, probiotic and prebiotic – their applications and effectiveness in aquaculture: A Review. Isr. J. Aquacult. Bamid. 62(3), 130–138.

Grabovskyi, S.S., 2013. Jekstragirovanie biologicheski aktivnyh veshhestv selezenki s ispolzovaniem ultrazvuka [Extracting of biologically active substances of spleen with the application an ultrasound]. Sbornik Nauchnyh Trudov SWorld. Markova A.D., Ivanovo 4(49), 3–6 (іn Russian).

Grabovskyi, S.S., 2014. Vmist poliaminiv ta yikh korektsiya u krovi ta tkanynakh kurchat-broyleriv za umov stresu [Polyamines content and its correction in broiler chickens blood and tissues at pre-slaughter stress]. Biolohiya Tvaryn 16(2), 18–25 (in Ukrainian).

Grabovskyi, S.S., 2014. Vplyv imunomodulyatoriv pryrodnoho pokhodzhennya na pokaznyky klitynnoho imunitetu i riven kortyzolu v krovi shchuriv za umov stresu [Effect of natural immunomodulators influence on cellular immunity indices and cortisol level in rat’s blood at pre-slaughter stress]. Biolohichni Studiyi 8(1), 93–102 (in Ukrainian).

Groer, M., Wolfe, S., Park, C.R., 2013. Reduction of hair glucocorticoid levels in an animal model of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Brain Behav. Immun. 68(32), e20. >> doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2013.07.080

Gunchak, A.V., Ratuch, I.B., Kaminska, M.V., 2012. Sklad mikroflory slipykh kyshok ta pokaznyky klitynnoho imunitetu u kurchat-broyleriv za diyi fitopreparatu [Composition of cecum microflora and indices of cellular immunity in broiler chickens under the action of phytomedication]. Biolohiya Tvaryn 14(1–2), 518–523 (in Ukrainian).

Hermans, D., Pasmans, F., Heyndrickx, M., Van Immerseel, F., Martel, A., Van Deun, K., Haesebrouck, F.A., 2012. Tolerogenic mucosal immune response leads to persistent Campylobacter jejuni colonization in the chicken gut. Crit. Rev. Microbiol. 38(1), 17–29.

Kaminska, M.V., Nechay, H.I., Tsepko, N.I., Kolisnyk, H.V., 2008. Vplyv karotynovmisnoyi biomasy drizhdzhiv ta β-karotynu na sklad mikroflory ta imunnyy status shchuriv [Influence carotenecontaining yeast biomass and β-carotene on the microfloras composition and immune status of rats]. Biolohiya Tvaryn 10(1–2), 261–265 (in Ukrainian).

Kim, G.B., Seo, Y.M., Kim, C.H., Paik, I.K., 2011. Effect of dietary prebiotic supplementation on the performance, intestinal microflora, and immune response of broilers. Poultry Sci. 90(1), 75–82. >> doi: 10.3382/ps.2010-00732

Kiseljova, N.M., Kuzmenko, L.H., Nkane Nkoza, M.M., 2012. Stress i limfocity [Stress and lymphocytes]. Pediatrija 91(1), 137–143 (іn Russian).

Lapovets, L.Y., Lutsyk, B.D., Lebed, H.B., 2014. Posibnyk z laboratornoyi imunolohiyi [Handbook of laboratory immunology]. FOP Krayevskyy R.P., Lviv (in Ukrainian).

Liu, X., Byrd, J.A., Farnell, M., Ruiz-Feria, C.A., 2014. Arginine and vitamin E improve the immune response after a Salmonella challenge in broiler chicks. Poultry Sci. 93(4), 882–890. >> doi: 10.3382/ps.2013-03723

Maroufyan, E., Kasim, A., Ebrahimi, M., Loh, T.C., Bejo, M.H., Zerihun, H., Hosseni, F., Goh, Y.M., Farjam, A.S., 2012. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids enrichment alters performance and immune response in infectious bursal disease challenged broilers. Lipids Health Dis. 11(1), 1–10. >> doi: 10.1186/1476-511X-11-15

Maslyanko, R.P., Grabovskyi, S.S., Grabovska, O.S., 2013. Suchasni uyavlennya pro fahotsytoz [Modern notion of phagocytosis]. Biolohiya Tvaryn 15(3), 63–69 (in Ukrainian).

Mudrak, D.I., Vishchur, O.I., Broda, N.A., Ohorodnyk, N.Z., Solovodzinska, I.Y., 2012. Stan T- i V-klitynnoyi lanok imunitetu v indykiv ta husey za riznoho rivnya vitaminu E u ratsioni [State T- and B-cell immunity in parts of turkeys and geese for various levels of vitamin E the diet]. Biolohiya Tvaryn 14(1–2), 535–539 (in Ukrainian).

Minois, N., Carmona-Gutierrez, D., Madeo, F., 2011. Polyamines in aging and disease. Aging (Albany NY) 3(8), 716–732. >> doi: 10.18632/aging.100361

Nezhinskaja, G.I., Petrova, N.N., 2006. Rol stimuljacii B-limfocitov v profilaktike stress-inducirovannyh jazv zheludka u krys linii vistar [Role of B-lymphocytes incentive in prevention of stress-inducible stomach ulcers in Wistar rats]. Citokiny i vospalenie 5(1), 34–36 (in Russian).

Official Journal of the European Union L276/33, 2010. Directive 2010/63/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 September 2010 on the protection of animals used for scientific purposes. 86/609/EC. 20.10.2010.

Palme, R., Robia, C., Baumgartner, W., Möstl, E., 2000. Transport stress in cattle as reflected by an increase in faecal cortisol metabolites. Vet. Rec. 146, 108–109.

Paul, I., Isore, D.P., Joardar, S.N., Samanta, I., Biswas, U., Maiti, T.K., Mukhopadhyay, S.K., 2012. Orally administered β-glucan of edible mushroom (Pleurotus florida) origin upregulates innate immune response in broiler. Indian J. Anim. Sci. 82(7), 745–748.

Paul, I., Isore, D.P., Joardar, S.N., Roy, B., Aich, R., Ganguly, S., 2013. Effect of dietary yeast cell wall preparation on innate immune response in broiler chickens. Indian J. Anim. Sci. 83(3), 307–309.

Rowland, K., Kaiser, M.G., Lamont, S.J., 2015. Simulated bacterial infection in three diverse lines of chickens causes different immune responses: Changes in body temperature and gene expression levels. Animal Industry Report 661(1), 57.

Vlizlo, V.V., Fedoruk, R.S., Ratych, I.B., 2012. Laboratorni metody doslidzhen u biolohiyi, tvarynnytstvi ta veterynarniy medytsyni [Laboratory methods of investigation in biology, stock-breeding and veterinary]. Spolom, Lviv (in Ukrainian).

Published
2015-03-14
How to Cite
Grabovskyi, S., & Grabovska, O. (2015). Influence of immunomodulators of natural origin on cellular immunity indices in blood of broiler chicken under stress. Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems, 6(1), 36-39. https://doi.org/10.15421/021507