Cytogenetic anomalies of winter wheat cells, induced by chemical contamination of the territory of Kalush industrial district

Keywords: Triticum aestivum L.; toxic waste; mitosis disorders; chromosome aberrations; mutagenic activity.

Abstract

Mass accumulation of toxic waste near inhabited localities has changed some regions of Ukraine, in particular Kalush industrial area (Ivano-Frankivsk region), into zones of ecological disaster. Research on cytogenetic anomalies caused by chemical soil contamination of the territories of toxic chemical warehouses will be useful in determining the level of mutagenic activity of xenobiotics when they enter the environment and potential mechanisms of the induction of chromosome reconstructions by them and mitosis disorders. The aim of the research is to study frequency and spectrum of the types of cytogenetic disorders in T. aestivum L. under the prolonged effect on the seeds of soil contaminated with hexachlorinebenzene from territories of toxic waste warehousing and to determine the level of their mutagenic activity as compared with the effect of moderate and high concentrations of N-nitrozo-N-methylurea (NMU). Seeds of winter wheat cultivars Al’batros odes’kyi and Zymoiarka were sprouted in the soil samples taken from the toxic waste ground of LLC “Oriana Halev”, its recultivated area and the dump area of Dombrovskyi potash ore mine, situated near Kalush city. Hexachlorobenzene concentrations in the soil of the studied areas exceeded CPC by 1233–18350 times. Soil samples from a tentatively clean area of Svatky village, Hadiach district, Poltava region were taken as the control. To study cytogenetic consequences of the effect of moderate and high concentrations of NMU, wheat seeds were kept in a mutagen water solution at concentrations 0.005%, 0.010%, 0.025%. Frequency and spectrum of cytogenetic anomalies were determined in the cells of sprout root meristem using the anatelophase technique. Chemical contamination of the soil exhibited high mutagenic activity which, by induction frequency of cytogenetic anomalies, exceeded the control level by 1.8–3.8 times and equalled mutagenic activity of NMU in moderate concentrations. The highest level of cytogenetic disorders, which exceeded spontaneous indicators by 3.4–3.8 times, was found when the soil contamination of the territory of the toxic waste ground with hexachlorobenzene was the most intensive. Traces of hexachlorobenzene in the soil of the recultivated plot of the ground continue to manifest high cytogenetic activity and pose a threat for the genomes of living organisms. Frequency of chromosome aberrations at a low hexachlorobenzene concentration in the soil of the disposal area of Dombrovskyi mine exceeded spontaneous indicators by 1.8–2.4 times, which is the result of its complex effect with natural-mineral compounds of mining-chemical raw materials. The increase of some bridges and acentric chromosome rings – markers of a radiation effect – among the types of cytogenetic disorders, induced by the soil contamination with hexachlorobenzene, confirms the radiometric properties of the xenobiotic, which were identified at high concentrations of NMU. The increase in the number of the cells with multiple aberrations, induced by the hexachlorоbenzene contamination of the soil holding the studied objects proves the high genotoxicity of the chemical compound and the threat of serious genetic consequences if it enters the environment.

References


Al-Naber, H. M. F., Slenzak, A., Stranadko, N., Tykhyy, V., Sulukhia, T., Lvovsky, K., Fan, Q., & Ahmed, K. (2016). Ukraine country environmental analysis. The World Bank, Washington.


Altwaty, N. H., El-Sayed, O. E., Aly, N. A. H., Baeshen, M. N., & Baeshen, N. A. (2016). Molecular and cytogenetic assessment of Dipterygium glaucum genotoxicity. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciências, 88(1), 623–634.


Ang, J., Song, L. Yu., D’Souza, S., Hong, I. L., Luhar, R., Yung, M., & Miller, J. H. (2016). Mutagen synergy: Hypermutability generated by specific pairs of base analogs. Journal of Bacteriology, 198(20), 2776–2783.


Aoki, Y. (2017). Evaluation of in vivo mutagenesis for assessing the health risk of air pollutants. Genes and Environment, 39, 1–12.


Babatunde, B., & Anabuike, F. (2015). In vivo cytogenotoxicity of electronic waste leachate from Iloabuchi electronic market, Diobu, Rivers state, Nigeria on Allium cepa. Challenges, 6, 173–187.


Bekker, A. A., & Agaev, T. B. (1989). Ohrana i control’ zagrjaznenija prirodnoj sredy [Protection and control of environmental pollution]. Gidrometeoizdat, Leningrad (in Russian).


Budinsky, R., Gollapudi, B., Albertini, R. J., Valentine, R., Stavanja, M., Teeguarden, J., Fensterheim, R., Rick, D., Lardie, T., McFadden, L., Green, A., & Recio, L. (2013). Nonlinear responses for chromosome and gene level effects induced by vinyl acetate monomer and its metabolite, acetaldehyde in TK6 cells. Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis, 54(9), 691–768.


Bulathsinghala, A. T., & Shaw, I. C. (2013). The toxic chemistry of methyl bromide. Human and Experimental Toxicology, 33(1), 81–91.


Chan, Y. A., Hieter, P., & Stirling, P. C. (2014). Mechanisms of genome instability induced by RNA-processing defects. Trends in Genetics, 30(6), 245–253.


Chen, Y., Ebenstein, A., Greenstone, M., & Li, H. (2013). Evidence on the impact of sustained exposure to air pollution on life expectancy from China’s Huai River policy. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 110(32), 12936–12941.


Correia, A. W., Pope, C. A., Dockery, D. W., Wang, Y., Ezzati, M., & Dominici, F. (2013). The effect of air pollution control on life expectancy in the United States: An analysis of 545 US counties for the period 2000 to 2007. Epidemiology, 24(1), 23–31.


David, R., Ebbels, T., & Gooderham, N. (2016). Synergistic and antagonistic mutation responses of human MCL-5 cells to mixtures of benzo[a]pyrene and 2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine: Dose-related variation in the joint effects of common dietary carcinogens. Environmental Health Perspectives, 124(1), 88–96.


Dent, D., & Dmytruk, Y. (Eds.). (2017). Soil science working for a living. Springer Nature.


Doorn, G. S. (2014). Patterns and mechanisms of evolutionary transitions between genetic sex-determining systems. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, 6(8), 1–17.


Febbraio, F. (2017). Biochemical strategies for the detection and detoxification of toxic chemicals in the environment. World Journal of Biolgical Chemistry, 8(1), 13–20.


Firbas, P., & Amon, T. (2014). Chromosome damage studies in the onion plant Allium cepa L. Caryologia, 67(1), 25–35.


Gervais, C., & Roze, D. (2017). Mutation rate evolution in partially selfing and partially asexual organisms. Genetics, 207(4), 1561–1575.


Guilherme, R. S., Meloni, V. F. A., Kim, C. A., Pellegrino, R., Takeno, S. S., Spinner, N. B., Conlin, L. K., Christofolini, D. M., Kulikowski, L. D., & Melaragno, M. I. (2011). Mechanisms of ring chromosome formation, ring instability and clinical consequences. BMC Medical Genetics, 12(1), 1–7.


Guo, X., Bian, P., Liang, J., Wang, Y., Li, L., Wang, J., Yuan, H., Chen, S., Xu, A., & Wu, L. (2014). Synergistic effects induced by a low dose of diesel particulate extract and ultraviolet-A in Caenorhabditis elegans: DNA damage-triggered germ cell apoptosis. Chemical Research in Toxicology, 27(6), 990–1001.


Gupta, A. K., Singh, S. P., Singh, M., & Marboh, E. S. (2018). Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of gamma rays and EMS on cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana L.). International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 7(2), 3254–3260.


Haidin, A. M., Diakiv, V. O., & Chikova, I. V. (2014). Kalush – programa revitalizacii' [Kalush – revitalization program]. Technogenic and Ecological Safety, 10(2), 102–107 (in Ukrainian).


Henn, B. M., Botigue, L. R., Bustamante, C. D., Clark, A. G., & Gravel, S. (2015). Estimating the mutation load in human genomes. Nature Reviews Genetics, 16, 333–343.


Jejges, N. S. (2013). Istoricheskaja rol’ Iosifa Abramovicha Rapoporta v genetike. Prodolzhenie issledovanij s ispol’zovaniem metoda himicheskogo mutageneza [The historical role of Joseph Abramovich Rapoport in genetics. Continuation of studies using the method of chemical mutagenesis]. Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Selection, 17(1), 162–172 (in Russian).


Kayalvizhi, K., Kannan, M., & Ganga, M. (2017). Effect of physical and chemical mutagens on morphological characters in M1V2 generation of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.). International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 6(4), 2492–2499.


Kumar, G., & Pandey, A. (2015). Heavy metal induced genomic distortion in root meristems of coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.). International Journal of Research Plant Sciences, 4(5), 47–53.


Kumar, G., & Srivastava, A. (2015). Clastogenic and mito-inhibitory effect of heavy metals in root meristems of Vicia faba. Chromosome Botany, 10(1), 23–29.


La Croix, R. A., Palsson, B. O., & Feist, A. M. (2017). A model for designing adaptive laboratory evolution experiments. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 83(8), 1–14.


Laskar, R. A., & Khan, S. (2017). Mutagenic effectiveness and efficiency of gamma rays and HZ with phenotyping of induced mutations in lentil cultivars. International Letters of Natural Sciences, 64, 17–31.


Lysychenko, G., Weber, R., Kovach, V., Gertsiuk, M., Watson, A., & Krasnova, I. (2015). Threats to water resources from hexachlorobenzene waste at Kalush City (Ukraine) – a review of the risks and the remediation options. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 22(19), 14391–14404.


M’kacher, R., Maalouf, E. E., Terzoudi, G., Ricoul, M., Heidingsfelder, L., Karachristou, I., Laplagne, E., Hempel, W. M., Colicchio, B., Dieterlen, A., Pantelias, G., & Sabatier, L. (2015). Detection and automated scoring of dicentric chromosomes in nonstimulated lymphocyte prematurely condensed chromosomes after telomere and centromere staining. International Journal of Radiation Oncology, Biology, Physics, 91(3), 640–649.


Marković, S. Z., Nikolić, L. I., Hamidović, J. L., Grubor, M. G., Grubor, M. M., & Kastratović, D. A. (2017). Chromosomes aberations and enviromental factors. Hospital Pharmacology, 4(1), 486–490.


Mohapatra, T., Robin, S., Sarla, N., Sheshashayee, M., Singh, A. K., Singh, K., Singh, N. K., Mithra, S. V. A., & Sharma, R. P. (2014). EMS induced mutants of upland rice variety Nagina22: Generation and characterization. Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy, 80(1), 163–172.


Oladosua, Y., Rafii, M. Y., Abdullaha, N., Hussind, G., Ramlie, A., Rahimf, H. A., Miaha, G., & Usmana, M. (2016). Principle and application of plant mutagenesis in crop improvement: A review. Biotechnology and Biotechnological Equipment, 30(1), 1–16.


Parpan, V. I., Shumska, N. V., Rudeichuk-Kobzeva, M. J., & Mylenka, M. M. (2016). Syntaxonomy of vegetation of Kalush hexachlorobenzene toxic waste landfill (Ivano-Frankivsk region). Biosystems Diversity, 24(2), 364–370.


Pausheva, Z. P. (1988). Praktikum po citologii rastenij [Workshop on plant cytology]. Agropromizdat, Moscow (in Russian).


Rozhko, M. M., Bilec’ka, E. M., Shmatkov, G. G., Erstenjuk, G. M., Kryzhanivs’ka, A. I., Onyshchenko, S. V., Rud’ko, G. I., Samojlik, M. S., Semchuk, J. M., & Solovjov, V. V. (2014). Rozrobka ta vprovadzhennja systemy zmenshennja tehnogennogo navantazhennja na terytorii' i naselennja ekologichno kryzovyh terytorij [Development and implementation of a system for reducing the man-caused load on the territory and population of ecologically crisis areas]. Ecology and Nature Management, 18, 97–110 (in Ukrainian).


Ryu, T. H., Kim, J.-H., & Kim, J. K. (2016). Chromosomal aberrations in human peripheral blood lymphocytes after exposure to ionizing radiation. Genome Integrity, 7(1), 1–5.


Sirohi, S., Mago, P., Gunwal, I., & Singh, L. (2014). Genetic pollution and biodiversity. International Journal of Recent Scientific Research, 5(6), 1152–1155.


Song, L. Y., D’Souza, S., Lam, K., Kang, T. M., Yeh, P., & Miller, J. H. (2016). Exploring synergy between classic mutagens and antibiotics to examine mechanisms of synergy and antibiotic action. Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 60(3), 1515–1520.


Syaifudin, M., Lusiyanti, Y., Purnami, S., Lee, Y. S., & Kang, C. M. (2017). Assessment of ionizing radiation induced dicentric chromosome and micronuclei in human peripheral blood lymphocytes for preliminary reconstruction of cytogenetic biodosimetry. Atom Indonesia, 43(1), 47–54.


Usatov, A. V., Mashkina, E. V., & Gus’kov, E. P. (2005). Vlijanie okislitel’nogo stressa na mutagenez u podsolnechnika Helianthus annuus L., inducirovannyj nitrozometilmochevinoj [Influence of oxidative stress on sunflower Helianthus annuus L. mutagenesis induced by nitrosomethylurea]. Genetics, 42(1), 63–70 (in Russian).


Venken, K. J. T., & Bellen, H. J. (2014). Chemical mutagens, transposons, and transgenes to interrogate gene function in Drosophila melanogaster. Methods, 68(1), 15–28.


Yahaya, T., Obaroh, I., & Oladele, E. O. (2017). The roles of environmental pollutants in the pathogenesis and prevalence of diabetes: A review. Journal of Applied Science and Environmental Management, 21(1), 5–8.


Yakymchuk, R. A., & Valyuk, V. F. (2018). Soil mutagenic activity in hazardous waste site of Kalush City (Western Ukraine). Ukrainian Journal of Ecology, 8(1), 880–886.


Zuccarello, D., Dallapiccola, B., Novelli, A., & Foresta, C. (2010). Azoospermia in a man with a constitutional ring 22 chromosome. European Journal of Medical Genetics, 53(6), 389–391.

Published
2018-08-13
How to Cite
Morgun, V. V., & Yakymchuk, R. A. (2018). Cytogenetic anomalies of winter wheat cells, induced by chemical contamination of the territory of Kalush industrial district. Regulatory Mechanisms in Biosystems, 9(3), 446-452. https://doi.org/10.15421/021867